When looking at Mesopotamian, Egyptian, and Mycenaean civilizations, why do you think these were able to develop and sustain a kind of warfare that utilized sophisticated classes of combatant such as charioteers with composite bows? What supported this?

2. How do the Mesopotamian and Egyptian civilizations and their types of warfare illustrate the idea of war as a quest for resources and its intersection with commercial/economic objectives?

3. In the first lecture, the concept of social roles and social bribes pertaining to different genders in early societies was discussed. How can we see the concept of social bribes for those undertaking participation in combat at work in the excerpts from the Homeric epics? That is, how is warfare depicted so as to entice men to engage in it? What values seem to be applied to warriors and battle combatants?