1Analyze how the political and economic problems of the English and French monarchies led to the English Civil War and the French Revolution.2 Analyze various ways in which the Thirty Years’ War (1618-1648) represented a turning point in European history.3Analyze the aims, methods, and degree of the success of the Catholic Reformation (Counter Reformation) in the 16th century. 4Discuss how two of the following individuals contributed to the development of Absolutism in France. – the Duke of Sully, Cardinal Richelieu, Louis XIV, and Henry IV (Henry of Navarre).5 Analyze the ways through which Czar Peter the Great (1689-1725) sought to reform his society and its instructions in order to strengthen Russia and its position in Europe. 6How and to what extent did the methods and ideals of Renaissance humanism contribute to the Protestant Reformation?