Table of Contents: 1. About ″Idea for a Universal History with a Cosmopolitan Purpose″ 2. Philosophy of History and the Age of Enlightenment 3. Philosophy of History and its Development until the Present 4. The ″Idea for a Universal History with a Cosmopolitan Purpose″ regarding the Enlightenment 5. Immanuel Kant′s View on Enlightenment 6. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel′s View on Enlightenment 7. Comparison of both positions