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Hello, focusing on this week’s discussion topic of various statistical tests, as identified in the chart, I selected an independent sample t-test and a one-way ANOVA test to discuss. According to Moore et al. (2021) the role of statistical tests are to analyze relevant statistical data to test hypothesis, observe patterns and to obtain reliable outcomes. Observing the similarities of independent sample t-test and a one-way ANOVA, indicated both statistical tests evaluate the statistical significance of the variations of the central tendency, namely the mean scores (Gravetter & Forzano, 2018). For example, research presented by Latif (2024 )demonstrated the utilization of the statistical test of an independent sample t -test and a one-way ANOVA to examine the same variable. Moreover, both tests focused on determining the variations of work satisfaction in relation to gaining the statistical data of the mean of the dependent variable (Latif, 2024). Additionally, recognizing another similarity of an independent sample t-test and a one-way ANOVA is they both have a Between Subjects design. According to Gravetter  and Forzano (2018) several advantages exist in respect of a Between Subjects design and include obtaining independent scores, being readily accessible and being applicable within various research questions. 

Thank you, 

Lisa Fabian (Smith) 

References

Gravetter F.J. & Forzano, L.A.B. (2018). Research Methods for the Behavioral Sciences (10th ed.). Boston, MA: Cengage. 

Latif, M.A. (2024). Differences in job satisfaction of male and female teachers in private and public secondary schools. 

Discover Psychology, 4 (1), 101. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44202-024-00221-7

Moore, D.S., Notz, W.I., & Fligner, M. (2021). Basic Practice of Statistics (9th ed.). New York, NY : Macmillan Learning. 

Technique

Independent Variable

Dependent Variable

Definition

# of IVs

Fixed or Random

# of levels in IV (If Fixed)

Between or Within Subjects

# of DVs

Fixed or Random

One Sample t-test

 A statistical test which compares the mean of a group to a known population mean

 None

 N/A

 N/A

 N/A

 1

Continuous

Variable

 Random

Independent Samples t-test

 Two groups of different people compared

 1 (only one manipulation)

 Fixed, people are in one group or the other

 2 (t-tests are always only 2 groups)

 Between (different people in each group)

 1 (just one outcome per t-test)

 Random (outcome can take on any value)

Paired Samples t-test (AKA repeated measures t-test or dependent measures t-test)

 A statistical test which compares the means of two groups

 1

 Fixed

 2

(the levels ae compared)

 Within-Subjects

(the same people are being measured)

 2

 Random

One-Way ANOVA

 Compares the means of three or more groups

 1

 Fixed

 3 or more

 Can be either between (Groups) or within subjects (repeated)

 1

 Random

Two-Way ANOVA

 A statistical test which compares the mean of two Iv’s in respect of the interaction with the DV

 2

 Fixed

 2 levels

 Can be either a Between or Within- subjects Has a tendency to be Between

 1

 Random

Repeated Measures ANOVA

 Compares the mean of three or more levels of an IV among the same group

 1

 Fixed

 3 or more

 Within Subjects

 1

 Random

Factorial ANOVA (can also be called a Mixed Factors Factorial ANOVA)

 Observes data from with 1 between subjects and 1 within subjects

 2 or more

 Fixed

 2 or more

 Both Between and Within Subjects

 1

(continuous)

 Random